Adrenomedullin Identified as Insulin Resistance in Obesity-Linked Diabetes

According to recent studies, adrenalomedullin plays a major role in insulin resistance and could be a target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes associated with obesity.

Adrenomedullin, a hormone that is widely produced in endothelial cells, has been found in a recent study to have a critical role in promoting insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes (T2D) associated with obesity. By activating protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), which prevents insulin receptor phosphorylation and hinders glucose absorption, adrenomedullin interferes with insulin signaling, according to research.

According to the study, obese mice had higher amounts of adrenomedullin, which is mostly generated by adipocytes, and this decreased their sensitivity to insulin. Nevertheless, animals treated with an adrenomedullin receptor antagonist or genetically altered to lack adrenomedullin demonstrated enhanced insulin responsiveness and glucose tolerance.

Subsequent research revealed that inhibiting Gαs and CALCRL signaling in endothelial cells improved insulin transport to metabolic organs by enhancing insulin-induced vasodilation and nitric oxide (NO) generation. According to these results, adrenomedullin signaling targeting may be a viable treatment approach for T2D and insulin resistance.

This finding provides new opportunities for the development of tailored medicines that improve insulin sensitivity and metabolic health, which is important given the increasing prevalence of diabetes linked to obesity.